Exam Preview for 40404: Decision Making in Children’s Speech-In-N

Decision Making in Children’s Speech-In-Noise Perception, in partnership with the University of Pittsburgh

Please note: exam questions are subject to change.

1. Which of the following best characterizes the role of phonological awareness in children’s speech sound categorization in noise? It limits performance due to increased cognitive load in noisy conditions. It has no measurable impact on speech sound categorization performance. It enhances performance, especially in younger children and at lower SNRs. It only influences performance in quiet listening environments.
2. In drift-diffusion models, what does a higher decision threshold indicate about a child’s decision-making process during speech sound categorization? Faster, more impulsive decisions Lower accuracy due to random guessing More cautious, deliberate responding Inability to extract meaningful evidence from the stimulus
3. How did age affect response times in the sound-categorization-in-noise task? Younger children responded significantly faster than older children at all SNRs. Older children responded faster than younger children at some SNRs, but differences were not uniform across all conditions. Age had no influence on response times in any condition. Both younger and older children responded at the same speed in quiet only.
4. Children with strong phonological awareness exhibited which of the following patterns in evidence accumulation across SNR levels? Enhanced accumulation, especially as SNR improved Slower accumulation at better SNR No change in accumulation regardless of noise level Random variability unrelated to SNR
5. What pattern was observed regarding decision thresholds as noise level decreased (SNR improved)? Children lowered their decision thresholds to speed up responses. Children maintained consistent decision thresholds across SNRs. Decision thresholds decreased due to increased confidence in noisy environments. Children raised their decision thresholds, becoming more cautious in clearer conditions.