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Oticon Cue Preservation Technologies

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1.  The meaning of speech: Is determined at the level of the cochlea Is revealed (and sometimes revised) as information is accumulated over time Is based on a 1 to 1 correspondence between the acoustic signature of a phoneme and a stored exact template Requires 100% accurate transfer of phonemic information

2.  Which cues are used to track a talker? rate and gender stored linguistic knowledge fundamental frequency All of the above

3.  Inter-aural spatial information can be disrupted by: Independent compression operating in the two different hearing aids Extending the bandwidth of devices Incorporating wireless technologies into hearing aids Using feedback cancellation techniques

4.  The feature Spatial Sound in Oticon hearing aids … Uses the NFMI wireless connection between devices & monitors/compares the sound input levels in different regions on an ongoing basis Works primarily in the higher frequencies where inter-aural intensity difference occur Adjusts the gain/compression response in the devices to preserve inter-aural intensity differences All of the above

5.  In noisy situations, extended bandwidth in hearing aids . . . Increases the opportunities to distinguish one voice from another Brings in more noise and thus decreases speech understanding performance Forces the listener to use only spatial cues Cannot be used by typical patients with hearing loss

6.  Information in the speech signal is carried: In the naturally occurring differences in phoneme intensity In the naturally occurring dynamic changes in phonemes In the naturally occurring spectral differences in phonemes All of the above

7.  Fast acting compression . . . Uses attack times in the range of 100 ms or more Reduces the natural intensity difference between one phoneme and another Increases the height of the speech banana Only changes gain for nonspeech signals

8.  Speech Guard … Makes rapid adjustments on a phoneme to phoneme basis Adjusts for long term changes in the overall speech level Enhances only fast occurring phonemes Uses a single estimate of speech level to adjust gain

9.  Speech Guard has the follow effect on speech information: Enhances the temporal cues Enhances the spectral cues Inverts the loudness growth Better preserves the fine structure of speech

10.  In complex listening situations, cue preserving technologies . . . Are redundant with directional technologies Are redundant with noise reduction technologies Benefit from a cleaner signal Make the disruptive effect of noise greater