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HIV/AIDS: Transmission & Infection Control Considerations

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1.  HIV is mainly spread:
  1. Blood transfusion and organ/tissue transplants.
  2. At birth to newborns when the mother is HIV+.
  3. Via unprotected sex and/or sharing needs with someone HIV+.
  4. Occupationally via percutaneous injury.
2.  Lymphocytes are:
  1. A sub-category of erythrocytes involved in adaptive immune responses.
  2. Responsible for managing both adaptive and cell-mediated immune responses.
  3. Responsible for mass-producing antigen.
  4. Both A & B
3.  According to the CDC classification system, an HIV-infected adult is classified with AIDS when present with:
  1. No symptoms and a CD4+ T-cell count of 185/mm³
  2. No symptoms and a CD4+ T-cell count of 500/mm³
  3. Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy and a CD4+ T-cell count of 250/mm³
  4. Oropharyngeal candidiasis (thrush) a CD4+ T-cell count of 325/mm³
4.  Antiretroviral drugs designed to suppress HIV do so by:
  1. Preventing viral replication or entry to cell.
  2. Attacking HIV antibodies.
  3. Suppressing B-cell activity.
  4. Combination of any of the above.
5.  Alcohol-based hand sanitizers effective for hand hygiene must contain the following active ingredients:
  1. 60% methanol
  2. 60% ethanol
  3. 70% isopropanol
  4. Both B & C
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